How does the browser work? Tech Easyer

How does the browser work?

The goal of a web browser is to retrieve content from the Internet or local storage and share it on a user's device. It starts when the user enters a uniform resource location (URL), such as, into the browser's address bar.

Hypertext Transport Protocol (HTTP), a collection of protocols for data transmission, is used to obtain most URLs. URLs often use the secure form of HTTP (HTTPS). Thus, the link between the web server and the browser is encoded to ensure privacy of communication and confidentiality of data.

Websites typically include links to additional pages and resources Browsers navigate to new resources when a user clicks or taps a link with a URL. Most browsers use an internal cache of web page resources to optimize page loading speed on subsequent visits. The cache can store many objects, such as large photos, so they don't need to be re-downloaded from the server

The browser stores cookies received from various websites for browsing. Some of these include login information as well as site preferences However, some cookies monitor user activity for extended periods of time; As a result, browsers often provide a menu option to remove cookies.

To enable the above functionality, a browser's technical architecture will consist of three parts:

Controller: This component accepts input from the user; For example, when a user clicks to a link, the controller registers the click and fetches the resource.
Client-Side Protocol: These guidelines must be followed while receiving documents. Protocols also govern the various data transmission channels between servers and clients.
Interpreters: These are used to display various types of documents. All popular interpreters can understand web text, especially HTML, PHP, JavaScript, XML and more. Each of these interpreters has a unique skill set and serves different purposes.

Other notable browser components include the backend engine, user interface (UI), and computer networking backend, among others.

The user interface (UI) is the initial page displayed when a web browser is launched.The UI engine creates simple boxes, windows, and widgets. It corresponds to a generic interface that is platform-independent. The network layer is responsible for Internet security and communication. It is also used to cache retrieved content to reduce HTTP requirements or network traffic.

Data persistence/storage is an add-on component used to store data locally. Browsers are provide storage mechanisms such as a IndexedDB, WebSQL, etc. to store databases directly on your device as cache, bookmarks, history, cookies, etc. Additionally, there are rendering engines and browser engines.

The rendering engine is charged with creating and displaying the elements requested by the browser. The browser they engine acts as a link connecting the rendering engine to they are browser's user interface. It directs the rendering engine to produce output based on input.